Dictionary

Note: If you don’t find the word you’re looking for, look for a different spelling. Otherwise, look it up to see if you can find it. Send me a message if a word isn’t here and I’ll add it, Inshallah.

Note: I’m adding 3 for the letter 3ayn (ع) (if I missed any, I’ll probably fix it in my next editing session).

A

• Aalam = realm?

• Aalam al Arwah =

• Aalam al Barzakh = realm of barzakh

• Aalam ul Dharr = realm souls are created?

• Aalam al Dunya = realm of this world

• Aalam ul Ghaib = unseen to physical senses but can be accessed by higher level senses. Encompasses Aalam al-Shuhud. Big.

• 3Aalam ul Malakut = realm of intelligence(?)/of angels

• Aalam al Qiyamat = realm of the Day of Judgement

• Aalam ul Shuhud = physical realm

• Abd = “slave”/servant

• Abdullah = slave/servant of God (name of the Prophet (s))

• Abraar = plural of “barr.” The righteous; people who do good strategically, that reverberates and impacts people all around them.

• Adab أدب = respect/politeness

• Adab e ishq = respect out of love

• 3Adhaab عذاب = punishment

• Ahkaam = rulings/laws of God

• Akhirah = afterlife

• Akhlaq = manners

• Amaanah = a trust

• Amr bil Ma3rouf = enjoining what is good (encouraging others to do good)

• 3Aqeeda = creed, belief system

• Ashiq = in love/lovelorn

• Astaghfirullah = I seek forgiveness from Allah (swt)

• Awla = deserving and worthy?

• Awliyyah = friends, protectors, helpers

• Awwal al-Waqt = earliest period to pray (ex. right when Adhaan happens)

• Ayah/Ayat = sign, proof, miracle (also: an ayah is a verse of the Qur’an)

• Azaa = (mourning?)

• Azeez = loved, dear, respected, friend

B

• Balah = (without?) punishment? tribulations

• Balayah = misfortunes?

• Barakah = blessings

• Barzakh = realm between this worldly life and the afterlife, where souls remain until the Day of Judgement

• Baseera = inner light/insight

• Batil = void/not counted. Falsehood

• Batin باطن = inner, inward, hidden

• Barzakh = waiting period after death but before Day of Judgement. Some have their punishments here (hell-like); some have a great time (heaven-like).

• Bughs = hatred

• Buqa = ?

C

D

• Dawa = medicine

• Deen = religion

• Dhikr/dua = supplication

• Dunya = world/worldly life

E

• Eman = faith (also spelled imaan)

F

• Fadak = a piece of land given to Lady Fatima by her father, Prophet Muhammad. After Muhammad died, Abu Bakr, the first caliph, forcefully took the land from Fatima

• Fataa/Fitya = young person/youth

• Faraj = means “relief” or “joy after sorrow” - used in context of the 12th Imam (as)’s reappearance

• Fasiq = someone who violates Islamic law

• Fitna = discord, trial, persecution

• Fitrah = pure existence of a human being/its innate nature. Innate human nature that recognizes the Oneness of God

G

• Ghayr rukn = acts that invalidate prayer if left out/added intentionally, but don’t invalidate if done unintentionally (source) (see: rukn)

• Gheeba = backbiting

• Ghirta? = positive jealousy

H

• Hadith = sayings/statements/stories from the Prophet or Imams

• Haneef = religion of Prophet Ibrahim (as), the path of fitrah - pure monotheism? Religion of Prophet Muhammad (saw) before Islam?

• Haqiqat = truth, reality

• Haqq = truth

• Haqq-un-nas = rights of the people (the right someone else has over you - you can’t be forgiven by Allah (swt) if a person doesn’t forgive you for something you did to them)

• Haraam = forbidden

• Hayaat = life

• Hikma = wisdom

• Hubb = love

• Hukm حُكْمُ = God’s will, judgement/authority, instruction? Command

• Huzn = sorrow

I

• Ibadah = worship

• Ikhtilaf = division, religious/scholarly disagreement

• 3ilm = knowledge

• Ilm al-Ladunni = knowledge that comes from Allah (swt) through metaphysical means

• Imaan = faith

• Imam = Islamic spiritual leader. Casually used to refer to leaders of prayer. Shia Imams = 12 divinely appointed authorities after the Prophet.

  • 1st: Ali ibn Abu Talib

  • 2nd: Hasan ibn Ali

  • 3rd: Hussain ibn Ali

  • 4th: Ali Zain Abideen ibn Hussain

  • 5th: Muhammad Baqir ibn Ali

  • 6th: Jafar Sadiq ibn Muhammad

  • 7th: Musa Kadhim ibn Jafar

  • 8th: Ali Ridha ibn Musa

  • 9th: Muhammad Taqi ibn Ali

  • 10th: Ali Naqi ibn Muhammad

  • 11th: Hasan Askari ibn Ali

  • 12th: Muhammad Mahdi ibn Hasan

• Infaaq إنفاق = spending, but doing so simply to please God without asking for any favor or hoping for a return (Wiki) (see: israaf)

• Intidhar = waiting for/expecting the reappearance of Imam Mahdi (as). Actively waiting and preparing

• Insaan = humans, mankind

• Insaan-e-kamil = the perfect human

• Inzal = descent, the process of coming down. The Quran being revealed all at once. See: tanzil

• Irfan = wisdom, mysticism, knowledge, gnosis

• Ishq = love/passion

• Ismat = purity, chastity, modesty (or infallibility)

• Ismul-Adham الاسم الأعظم = the “greatest name” of Allah (swt) known only to the prophets?

• Israaf = extravagance, wastefulness; ex. spending on what you don’t need, or wasting something is israaf (see: infaaq)

• Israfil = angel that blows the trumpet to end the world

• Istighfar = to seek forgiveness

• Itminan = tranquility

• Izzat = honor?

J

• Jama3ah = togetherness, congregation, group of people/plural. Group of people praying.

• Jalaal = grandeur, glory, majesty, power?

• Jamaal/Jameel = beauty

• Jinn = another race of beings besides humans. Primary element is smokeless fire (while humans are made of clay). In another dimension. Shaytan is a jinn

K

• Karamaat = supernatural abilities/gifts held by Muslim saints

• Khak e Shifa = healing soil/dust of Karbala

• Khalil = one who has complete trust in his friend

• Khalilullah = friend of Allah (swt) - associated with Prophet Ibrahim (as)

• Khamr = intoxication

• Khauf = fear

• Khushoo3 خشوع = humility

• Khutbah = sermon

• Khutbah Fadak/Fadakiyah = Fatima bint Muhammad’s sermon to Abu Bakr about her rightful claim to the land of Fadak

• Kibr = pride, arrogance

• Kufr = disbelief

• Kuniya = title given to someone based on their child

L

• La3ana/la3an = restriction of rahma/mercy

  • La3een = person who has la’ana on them

• Laqab = title given to someone based on their qualities/achievements

• Layl = night

M

• Madhar =

• Madhlum = oppressed

• Makruh = highly discouraged

• Maktab e Irfan =

• Maktab e Tafkik = denies that philosophy can or should serve as a basis for religion (tafkik = the separation of religion from philosophy)

• Mala’ika = angels

• Ma3lum = to know, understand

• Manayah = wishes? desires?

• Maqaam = (station?)

• Maqaam e tawhid =

• Ma’rifah = interior knowledge, gnosis, mystical understanding of God or Divine Reality (?), insight (?)

• Ma3sum/Ma3sumeen = infallible/cannot sin. The 14 infallibles are the 14 Ma3sumeen: Prophet Muhammad (saw), Bibi Fatima (sa), and the 12 Imams (as)

• Mawaddah = love, affection, friendliness. Active love, expressing love.

• Maysir = gambling

• Mi’raj = the night journey taken by the Prophet (s)

• Mizan = balance

• Mu’min = believer (of Islam)

  • Mu’mineen/Mu’minoon = plural

• Mu’tazalites

  • Early school of Islamic theology. Fathers of Sunni Islam?

N

• Nabuwwat = Prophethood

• Nafs = the self, ego, soul, physical soul? (different from the ruh) (types of nafs)

  • Nafs al-Ammara = the carnal soul, the one that has appetite for pleasure. It commands us what to do - we need to fight against it.

  • Nafs al-Lawwama = the self-blaming soul? Makes us feel guilty for a sin. Self-incriminating.

  • Nafs al-Mutma’inna = the soul that’s content with Allah (swt); nothing else makes it happy. It’s at peace. No unlawful desires.

• Nafsallah =

• Nahi anil Munkar = dissuade from what is evil (discourage others from evil)

• Namaz = prayer/salaat in Urdu

• Nas = people

• Nasnas = a race of beings before humans existed, who fought against the jinn. (double check)

• Niyyah = intention

• Noor = light/spiritual light

• Nuzool =

O

P

Q

• Qabr = grave/tomb

• Qadi = judge that decides under the Shariah?

• Qadr = destiny/power

• Qalb = heart

• Qaws = curve? arch?

• Qaws an-Nuzool = material dimension of existence. Going down to Earth

• Qaws as-Sa3ud = immaterial dimension of existence. Going back up

• Qisas = retaliatory justice - an eye for an eye

• Qiyamah = Day of Judgement

R

• Rasulullah = Prophet/Rasool of Allah (swt)

• Rasool = messenger, apostle

• Rawi = reciter, narrator, to bear by memory

• Rijs = spiritual defilement/spiritual sickness of the heart/impurity? doubts?

• Risalatul Ququq = Treatise on Rights book by Imam Zainul Abideen. Talks about the rights of different types of people.

• Ruh = one’s spirit/soul

• Ruh-al-Qudus = the holy spirit

• Ruhullah =

• Rukn = actions that invalidate the prayer if left out/added, even unintentionally (5 rukns) (source) See: ghayr rukn

  • Niyyah (intention)

  • Takbiratul ehram (the first Allahu Akbar)

  • Qiyam (standing) after Takbiratul ehram and before ruku’

  • Ruku’

  • Both sajdahs

S

• Sa3eed = blessed?

• Salaat = prayer (namaz in Urdu)

• Salawat = Allahumma salli 3ala Muhammadin wa aale Muhammad (asking God to send peace on Muhammad (saw) and his family)

• Sa3ud =

• Shahadah/Shahadat = profession of faith (the phrase one says in order to become a Muslim: La ilaha illallah, Muhammad ur-Rasulullah. There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah). Other meanings: Martyrdom or witness

• Shaheed/Shuhada = martyr(s)

• Shaqi = cruel?

• Sharikah = partner

• Shifa = healing

• Shirk = idolatry/associating others with God, or believing in another higher power

• Sunnah = the way of someone. Mostly attributed to the Prophet (s) - the sunnah of the Prophet (s), so the way he did things in his life.

T

• Tabarrah = boycott & dissociation from the enemies of Allah (swt)

• Tadabbur = to ponder, reflect and think

• Tafakkur = an act of thinking, contemplating, reflecting, training and tadabbur that encompass human’s mind, heart and spirituality. (source)

• Taghut = something that is worshipped/obeyed besides God

• Tahnik = the practice of rubbing a newborn baby’s tongue with honey, date, etc. Putting something sweet.

• Takabbur = pride, arrogance

• Takamul = capacity? integration? completeness? perfection?

• Takbiratul Ehram = the first Allahu Akbar that starts a prayer

• Takfir = to call someone a disbeliever

• Tanzil = the revelation of the Holy Qur’an (in pieces)

• Tarbiya = increase, nurture, loftiness

• Taqlif = responsibility/obligation

• Taqwa = God-consciousness/God-fearingness

• Tawakkul = having complete trust in Allah (swt) when it comes to life, affairs, etc.

  • When Imam Ali (as) slept in the Prophet (saw)’s bed when he might’ve been killed.

  • Prophet Ibrahim (as) and Prophet Ismail (as) when Ismail was to be sacrificed.

• Tawallah = to love those who love Allah (swt)

• Tawassul = intercession, asking for intercession (by the Ahlulbayt)

• Tawbah = repentance

• Ta’weel = esoteric interpretation of the Qur’an

• Tawfiq = the ability/opportunity to attain success. Duas ask Allah (swt) for this

• Tawheed = belief in the Oneness of God

• Tay al-ardh = folding up of the Earth/traveling long distances in the twinkle of an eye

• Thiqa = trustworthy, someone to be confident in

U

• Ubudiyyah = subservience to God/obedience with submission

• 3Ulum = knowledge (plural)/sciences (see: 3ilm)

V

W

• Waba’ = epidemic? Natural disaster?

• Wadhat ul Wujud = pantheism. The belief that everything is “God”

• Wahi = revelation

• Wahm = illusion?

• Wajib/wajibat = mandatory actions in Islam

• Wali = guardian, custodian. Islamic legal guardian

• Waliullah = Custodian of God/Guardian of God. Imam Ali (as) is Waliullah.

• Wasilah = divine link/“a means by which a person, goal or objective is approached, attained or achieved” (Wikipedia)

• Wilayah = guardianship

  • Relates to Imam Ali (as)

  • Following the Ahlul Bayt in the way they want you to follow them & loving them in the way they want you to love them

• Wujud = existence, presence, entity

X

Y

• Yaqeen = absolute certainty, conviction

• Yatim = orphan

• Yawm = day

• Yawm ul Ma’lum = ? day of understanding? DOJ?

Z

• Zina = extramarital affairs

• Zuhd = detachment/being indifferent to the dunya/worldly life/asceticism